Super Auto Industries

A traction machine is the main driving component of a traction elevator system. It uses steel ropes (or belts) and a motor-driven sheave (pulley) to move the elevator car up and down.
Motor-Driven Sheave: A grooved wheel that the hoist ropes pass over. When the sheave turns, it moves the ropes, lifting or lowering the elevator car.
Counterweight: Balances the car weight to reduce motor load and improve energy efficiency.
Motor: Can be gearless (direct drive, smoother, used in high-rise buildings) or geared (with gearbox, used in mid-rise buildings).
Brake System: Engages to hold the elevator stationary when not in motion.
Machine Room or MRL (Machine Room-Less): The traction machine can be installed in a separate machine room above the shaft or within the hoistway (MRL design).
Types of Traction Machines:
1. Geared Traction Machine
   * Uses a gearbox between the motor and sheave   * Suitable for moderate speed (up to \~500 ft/min)   * Typically used in mid-rise buildings
2. Gearless Traction Machine
   * Motor directly drives the sheave   * Quieter, smoother, and more efficient   * Suitable for high-speed, high-rise